[The effect of long-term uncontrolled antihypertensive therapy on the echocardiographic signs of left-heart hypertrophy in patients with mild and moderate arterial hypertension]. / Vliianie dlitel'noi nekontroliruemoi antigipertenzivnoi terapii na ékhokardiograficheskie priznaki gipertrofii levykh otdelov serdtsa u bol'nykh miagkoi i umerennoi arterial'noi gipertoniei.

The data are presented on the absence of a stable positive trend in echocardiographic characteristics of the left heart and intracardiac hemodynamics after 8 months of controlled antihypertensive therapy, 12-month follow-up and uncontrolled outpatient treatment. 12 months after discontinuation of controlled antihypertensive therapy arterial pressure was much higher than it was at the end of the treatment in patients taking antihypertensive drugs irregularly or not taking them at all. Intracardiac hemodynamics returned to the baseline. As shown by echo-CG, frequency of left ventricular hypertrophy 12 months after the end of antihypertensive treatment rose from 25.8 to 45.2% (p < 0.01), of right ventricular hypertrophy from 14.5 to 17.7%.

[Chronopharmacokinetics of nadolol in patients with arterial hypertension]. / Khronofarmakokinetika nadolola u bol'nykh arterial'noi gipertenziei.

The pharmacokinetics of nadolol in blood serum and its excretion in the urine were studied in 6 male patients (aged from 35 to 59 years) with arterial hypertension for 48 h and, respectively, 72 h after a single per os administration of nadolol in a dose of 80 mg in the morning (9.00 a.m.), in daytime (15.00 p.m.) and in the evening (20.00 p.m.). The concentration of nadolol in the blood serum and urine was determined by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Analysis of the obtained data showed maximum blood serum nadolol concentration and the area under the concentration--time curve to be lower (93 ng/ml and 1786 ng h/ml) in the case of evening medication, and the peroral clearance and kinetic distribution volume to be higher (44.8 l/h and 940 l) than after morning medication (188 ng/ml, 2816 ng h/ml, and 28.4 l/h and 650 l, respectively). The corresponding parameters after daytime medication had intermediate values. The half-life period, mean retention time, and time of achievement of maximum blood serum nadolol concentration did not depend on the time of medication and were in the range of 15.2-15.8 h, 21.1-22.0 h, and 2.9-4.0 h, respectively. The pharmacokinetic parameters characterizing nadolol excretion with the urine were independent of the time of its intake. On the basis of the character of the detected circadian changes in the parameters of nadolol pharmacokinetics it is suggested that these changes reflect the circadian variations in the absorption of the drug in the gastrointestinal tract.

[The Multicenter Captopril and the Quality of Life Study: the effect of antihypertensive agents from the basic groups on the quality of life of patients in different populations. The working group of the Multicenter Captopril and the Quality of Life Study]. / Mnogotsentrovoe issledovanie "Kaptopril i kachestvo zhizni": vliianie antigipertenzivnykh sredstv osnovnykh grupp na kachestvo zhizni bol'nykh iz razlichnykh populiatsii. Rabochaia gruppa mnogotsentrovogo issledovaniia "Kaptopril i kachestvo zhizni".

This multicenter trial included 205 males aged 30-60 years with stable mild and moderate hypertension. 140 patients were from Moscow (140 patients), St. Petersburg, Kursk, Rostov (Russia); Kharkov, Donetsk (Ukraine); Baku (Azerbaijan). Group 1 patients received captopril, group 2 nifedipine, group 3 hydrochlorothiazide, group 4 propranolol.

[The pharmacokinetics of propranolol and its conjugated metabolites in patients with chronic ischemic heart disease and arterial hypertension with a one-time and course intake of the drug]. / Farmakokinetika propranolola i ego kon''iugirovannykh metabolitov u bol'nykh khronicheskoi ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa i arterial'noi gipertenziei pri odnokratnom i kursovom prieme.

Pharmacokinetics of propranolol (P), 4-hydroxy-propranolol sulfate (4HOP-Sulf), and glucoronides of pharmacologically active S-enantiomer P (S-PG) and ballast R-enantiomer of P (R-PG) in the blood serum of 21 patients with chronic ischemic heart disease and/or arterial hypertension has been studied at a single and course oral P administration. The values od AUC and T1/2 for potentially active 4HOP-Sulf were significantly higher than those for unchanged P at a single and course administration. The values od AUC and T1/2 for for S-PG were approximately three times higher than those for P-PG after both a single and course administration. Thus the results presented show that potentially active 4HOP-Sulf and S-PG (which undergoes a partial deconjugation in an organism at oral administration) may contribute essentially to the value and duration of the P pharmacological effect.

[The antihypertensive effect of the new cardioselective prolonged-action beta-adrenoblocker bisoprolol compared with propranolol, metoprolol and placebo]. / Antigipertenzivnyi éffekt novogo kardioselektivnogo beta-adrenoblokatora prolongirovannogo deistviia bisoprolola v sravnenii s propranololom, metoprololom i platsebo.

The antihypertensive effect of daily doses of three beta-adrenoblockers (Bisoprolol, 10 mg once a day, propranolol, 80 mg twice a day, and methoprolol, 100 mg twice a day), and placebo was examined in 14 patients with persistent mild and moderate hypertension during a double blind cross-over study by using 24-hour monitoring of blood pressure and its routine measurements. The latter made by a mercury sphygmomanometer indicated that the antihypertensive and negative chronotropic effect of Bisoprolol in a dose of 10 mg remained 24 hours after its administration and it did not significantly differ from that of the two other agents given in the above doses. The application of 24-hour blood pressure monitoring allows a more pronounced antihypertensive effect of bisoprolol to be revealed during 24 hours than that displayed by the two agents. Bisoprolol is an effective and safe antihypertensive agent.

[The effect of long-term monotherapy with preparations from the 4 basic groups of antihypertensive agents on the quality of life in patients with mild and moderate arterial hypertension. The Multicenter Captopril and the Quality of Life Study. The working group of the Multicenter Captopril and the Quality of Life Study]. / Vliianie dlitel'noi monoterapii preparatami iz chetyrekh osnovnykh grupp antigipertenzivnykh sredstv na kachestvo zhizni bol'nykh miagkoi i umerennoi arterial'noi gipertoniei. Mnogotsentrovoe issledovanie "Kaptopril i kachestvo zhizni". Rabochaia gruppa mnogotsentrovogo issledovaniia "Kaptopril i kachestvo zhizni".

A multicenter, controlled, open, randomized trial of antihypertensive and life quality (LQ) effects of monotherapy with captopril vs propranolol, hydrochlorothiazide and nifedipine included 345 males aged 35-60 years with mild and moderate hypertension. The results of 8-month treatment provided the conclusions: the drugs were much alike by antihypertensive efficacy, LQ parameters proved more beneficial in the group on captopril than those on nifedipine and propranolol, hydrochlorothiazide failed to improve life quality, captopril is an effective and safe antihypertensive drug superior to the drugs of 3 other antihypertensive drug groups by positively affecting LQ.

[The long-term monotherapy with preparations from the 4 basic groups of antihypertensive agents of patients with mild and moderate arterial hypertension. The Multicenter Captopril and the Quality of Life Study. The working group of the Multicenter Captopril and the Quality of Life Study]. / Dlitel'naia monoterapiia preparatami iz chetyrekh osnovnykh grupp antigipertenzivnykh sredstv u bol'nykh s miagkoi i umerennoi arterial'noi gipertenziei. Mnogotsentrovoe issledovanie "Kaptopril i kachestvo zhizni". Rabochaia gruppa mnogotsentrovogo issledovaniia "Kaptopril i kachestvo zhizni" ("MI--KZh").

A multicenter randomized controlled trial was performed to compare antihypertensive effects and tolerance of captopril monotherapy with those of reference drugs from three other main groups of antihypertensive drugs: propranolol, hydrochlorothiazide, nifedipine. The trial included 345 males with essential hypertension stage I-II by WHO criteria. Evaluable patients after 8 months of treatment comprised 85.8%. 8-month monotherapy with captopril, nifedipine, hydrochlorothiazide and propranolol was completed by 53.49%, 75.28%, 45.78% of patients, respectively. An antihypertensive effect was reached in 57.97% of patients on monotherapy. Normalization of arterial pressure took place in 51.3%. The 4 drugs in the given doses produced a significant and similar effect in relation to the action on arterial pressure (absolute value). As for individual effects (complete and partial), captopril and propranolol were equal, nifedipine was more beneficial than hydrochlorothiazide. Side effects in captopril monotherapy arose 1.5-2 times less frequently than in response to propranolol or nifedipine and were similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide.

[The efficacy of proxodolol in patients with stable arterial hypertension]. / Effektivnost' proksodolola u bol'nykh stabil'noi arterial'noi gipertenziei.

The new original Russian drug proxodolol having alpha- and beta-adrenoblocking activities in a ratio of 1:100 was examined at Stages I and II of clinical trials. The drug was given to 29 male patients aged 30-63 years who suffered from Stages I and II persistent hypertensive disease with a baseline diastolic blood pressure of >95 mm Hg. Proxodolol as 10- and 40-mg tablets was demonstrated to be an effective antihypertensive agent, its antihypertensive effects being revealed in acute and chronic uses. The drug was well tolerated by the patients, causing no significant adverse reactions. Further comprehensive comparative controlled studies of proxodolol including larger patient groups will define the contribution of the drug in long-term antihypertensive prophylaxis.

[Differences in hemodynamic effects of the cardioselective beta-adrenoblocker acebutolol and non-selective beta-adrenoblocker propranolol in long-term antihypertensive therapy]. / Osnovnye razlichiia gemodinamicheskikh éffectov kardioselektivnogo beta-adrenoblokatora atsebutolola i neselektivnogo beta-adrenoblokatora propranolola pri dlitelnoi antigipertenzivnoi terapii.

The cardioselective beta-adrenoblocker acebutolol used as a course therapy for 12 weeks was found to be a highly beneficial antihypertensive agent. The antihypertensive effect of the agent given in doses of 400-800 mg/day was as pronounced and prolonged as that of propranolol, 80-160 mg/day, though there is a tendency for acebutolol to show its complete or partial antihypertensive effect rather at the end of monotherapy than propranolol. At the same time the bradycardiac effect was more pronounced in propranolol therapy. The antihypertensive effect of acebutolol, 400-800 mg/day, was revealed after 2 weeks of its use and persisted within the entire 12 weeks of therapy. The drug was well tolerated. In contrast to propranolol, a non-selective beta-adrenoblocker having no intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, acebutolol failed to produce adverse effects, such as by decreasing cardiac output and increasing total peripheral vascular resistance. The agent had a less negative chronotropic effect.

[The effect of monotherapy with nifedipine and hydrochlorothiazide on the psychological characteristics and quality of life of hypertension patients]. / Vliianie monoterapii nifedipinom i gidrokhlortiazidom na psikhologicheskie osobennosti i kachestvo zhizni bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

The study comprised 25 males with Stages I-II hypertensive disease whose age was 35 to 60 years and diastolic blood pressure was 96-114 mm Hg. After 4-week administration of placebo, two groups of treatment were randomized: (1) nifedipine (corinfar), 15-80 mg daily, and (2) hydrochlorothiazide (triampur), 25-100 mg daily, for 12 weeks with subsequent crossover: between therapy course, the patients received placebo during 4 weeks. The psychological examination was performed before the patients' inclusion into the study, at the end of placebo use, 4 and 12 weeks after monotherapy with one of the active drug, by using the "Lifestyle" questionnaire, SMOL and HPPQ. The study showed that a course of therapy with the calcium antagonist nifedipine produced a beneficial effect on the mental status and lifestyle in patients with hypertensive disease, by promoting the improvement of relations between the patients and all those present. Hydrochlorothiazide monotherapy deteriorated the lifestyle in patients by restricting smoking and sexual life and enhanced neurotization in patients, especially in subjects who had no benefits. It has been ascertained that the efficacy of antihypertensive therapy depends on the baseline mental status of hypertensives: higher neurotization may be regarded as a predictor of inefficiency of treatment.

[Effect of long-term monotherapy with propranolol and nifedipine on the quality of life and psychological status of patients with hypertension]. / Vliianie dlitel'noi monoterapii propranololom i nifedipinom na kachestvo zhizni i psikhologicheskii status bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

WHO criteria of quality of life and psychological status were employed in a randomized placebo-controlled cross-over trial of relevant effects induced by propranolol and nifedipine. Forty patients with essential hypertension (EH) stage I-II aged 35-60, males with diastolic pressure 96-114 mm Hg, entered the trial. Monotherapy with calcium antagonist nifedipine produced a beneficial effect on EH patients' quality of life, they became more sociable and active. Propranolol, beta-adrenoblocker, given for 4 weeks resulted in psychosocial dysadaptation, hypochondriasis, depressions. It is concluded that an antihypertensive effect of the above drugs was related to the EH patients' initial status: one can predict psychological benefit of nifedipine in patients without neurotic symptoms, while propranolol is more effective in neurotic EH subjects.

[Screening of single doses of the main antihypertensive drugs at rest and during various exercise tests in patients with hypertension]. / Skrining razovykh doz osnovnykh antigipertenzivnykh preparatov v pokoe i s pomoshch'iu razlichnykh nagruzochnykh prob u bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

The single doses of three reference antihypertensive drugs: corinfar (20 mg), anapriline (80 mg), and hypothiazide (50 mg) were screened on day 5 of drug administration at rest and during paired isometric and dynamic exercises in comparison to placebo. There was a significant decrease in blood pressures: systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), and mean (MBP) (p less than 0.01-0.001) at rest and during isometric and dynamic exercises after single doses of corinfar and hypothiazide versus placebo. A single dose of anapriline resulted in a significant reduction in SBP and MBP at rest and during dynamic exercise (p less than 0.05-0.001), in DBP at rest (p less than 0.05) and in an insignificant decrease in SBP, DBP, and MBP during isometric exercise and DBP during dynamic exercise. The agents were graded in terms of the effect of placebo from the mean group and individual hypotensive effects (by each blood pressure parameter). The resting dynamic exercise failed to yield some new evidence for determining the efficacy of corinfar and hypothiazide, whereas it was informative for anapriline with regard to SBP. With respect to SBP, DBP, and MBP, isometric exercise was informative for hypothiazide.

[Mechanisms of the hemodynamic effects of nonachlazine in ischemic heart disease patients]. / K voprosu o mekhanizmakh gemodinamicheskikh éffektov nonakhlazina u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa.

During course therapy with nonachlazine of patients with ischemic heart disease, stable angina pectoris a negative inotropic effect of the drug in persons with eukinetic and in particular hyperkinetic type of hemodynamics was revealed. Enhancement of beta-adrenoblocking effect of nonachlazine with an increase of its daily dose was found. Nonachlazine effect on hemodynamic parameters was shown to be mediated through adrenoreactive structures.

[Effect of anaprilin on the peripheral circulation of patients with arterial hypertension]. / Vliianie anaprilina na perifericheskoe krovoobrashchenie u bol'nykh arterial'noi gipertoniei.

The influence of a course therapy with anaprilin alone on the peripheral circulation in patients with essential hypertension of the early stages was investigated. Anaprilin was shown to have a significant effect on the peripheral blood circulation in the skeletal muscles expressed as veno- and artery dilatation, with the predominance of the former.